Which startups have raised the most funding in the cell therapy market?
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In our cell therapy market deck, you will find everything you need to understand the market
The cell therapy market has become one of the most capital-intensive areas of biotech, led by CAR-T, NK cell, Treg, iPSC-derived, and engineered T-cell platforms.
We update this list every month to keep the ranking fresh as public offerings, private placements, acquisitions, and new clinical financings change the market.
This ranking focuses on cumulative fundraising, which helps investors quickly see which cell therapy startups have attracted the most capital over time.
And if you want to better understand this new industry, you can download our pitch covering the cell therapy market.
A quick summary table
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Most funded startup | Legend Biotech, with $1.8B raised |
| Second most funded startup | Kite Pharma, with $1.1B raised |
| Largest funding round | Sana Biotechnology, with an $821M initial financing |
| Median funding | About $225M across the ranked cell therapy startups |
| Share of funding captured by the top 10 | About 40% of total funding in the ranked dataset |
| Median time since last round | About 39 months |
| Startups that raised funding in the last 12 months | 19 startups |
| Cell therapy startups above $500M raised | 16 startups |
| Public cell therapy companies in the ranking | 33 companies |
| Active private cell therapy startups in the ranking | 32 companies |

This chart, featured in our cell therapy market deck, shows annual VC investment in cell therapy startups
Top startups in the cell therapy market ranked by total funding raised
Here is an updated table that ranks the top startups in the cell therapy market based on the total amount of funding they have raised to date.
The table also includes the total number of funding rounds, the date and size of the latest round, the financing type (e.g. Series A, equity financing), key investors, the startup’s current status (active, IPO, acquired, or shut down), and a confidence score based on the data collected (we excluded startups with very low data confidence, to make sure everything is reliable).
If you're interested in knowing how much these startups are worth, you can check our list of the top startups in the cell therapy market ranked by valuation.
| # | Startup | What They Do | Total Raised ($) | Total Rounds | Last Round Date | Last Round Amount ($) | Last Round Type | Key Investors | Current Stage | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Legend Biotech | CAR-T cancer cell therapies | $1.8B | 7 | June 2026 | $226M | Public Offering | RA Capital, Hudson Bay Capital, Johnson & Johnson Innovation | IPO | Strong |
| 2 | Kite Pharma | Autologous CAR-T cancer therapies | $1.1B | 7 | March 2017 | $410M | Follow-on public offering | Alta Partners, Pontifax, Public investors | Acquired | Full |
| 3 | Nkarta | Engineered NK cell therapies | $885M | 5 | March 2024 | $240M | Follow-on equity | RA Capital, OrbiMed, Samsara BioCapital | IPO | Full |
| 4 | Sana Biotechnology | Engineered cell and gene therapies | $821M | 1 | June 2020 | $821M | Initial financing | ARCH Venture Partners, Flagship Pioneering, F-Prime Capital | IPO | Strong |
| 5 | Instil Bio | TIL therapies for cancer | $701M | 4 | March 2021 | $320M | IPO | Public market investors, Vivo Capital, Curative Ventures | IPO | Partial |
| 6 | CARsgen Therapeutics | CAR-T therapies for cancers | $676M | 5 | June 2021 | $400M | IPO | BVCF, Loyal Valley Capital, Lilly Asia Ventures | IPO | Partial |
| 7 | Artiva Biotherapeutics | Allogeneic NK cell therapies | $665M | 5 | May 2026 | $300M | Public offering | Caligan Partners, Venrock, Blackstone | IPO | Strong |
| 8 | Caribou Biosciences | CRISPR allogeneic cell therapies | $656M | 6 | July 2023 | $125M | Public Offering | Pfizer, Farallon Capital, PFM Health Sciences | IPO | Full |
| 9 | Vor Biopharma | Engineered stem-cell therapies | $654M | 5 | December 2025 | $150M | Private placement | RA Capital Management, Forbion, Frazier Life Sciences | IPO | Strong |
| 10 | Kyverna Therapeutics | Autoimmune CAR-T cell therapies | $637M | 5 | December 2025 | $100M | Public Offering | Northpond Ventures, Vida Ventures, Bain Capital Life Sciences | IPO | Full |
| 11 | Iovance Biotherapeutics | TIL therapies for cancer | $634M | 4 | February 2024 | $211M | Public Offering | Public market investors | IPO | Partial |
| 12 | Arsenal Biosciences | Programmable CAR-T cell therapies | $630M | 3 | September 2024 | $325M | Series C | ARCH Venture Partners, NVentures, Regeneron Ventures | Active | Full |
| 13 | Century Therapeutics | iPSC-derived allogeneic cell therapies | $605M | 4 | January 2026 | $135M | Private placement | TCGX, RA Capital Management, Deep Track Capital | IPO | Full |
| 14 | CARGO Therapeutics | CAR-T cancer cell therapies | $591M | 3 | May 2024 | $110M | PIPE | EcoR1 Capital, Woodline Partners, T. Rowe Price | Acquired | Full |
| 15 | Adicet Bio | Gamma-delta CAR-T therapies | $562M | 6 | October 2025 | $80M | Registered Direct Offering | OrbiMed, aMoon, Johnson & Johnson Innovation | IPO | Strong |
| 16 | Gracell Biotechnologies | FasTCAR cell therapies | $525M | 4 | August 2023 | $100M | Private placement / PIPE | Vivo Capital, OrbiMed, RA Capital | Acquired | Strong |
| 17 | Immatics | TCR cell immunotherapies | $491M | 6 | July 2023 | $35M | Post-IPO Private Placement | Bristol Myers Squibb | IPO | Strong |
| 18 | JW Therapeutics | CAR-T therapies for China | $490M | 3 | November 2020 | $300M | IPO | Temasek, Sequoia China, CPE | IPO | Full |
| 19 | Mesoblast | Allogeneic cellular medicines | $383M | 4 | January 2025 | $160M | Private Placement | Existing shareholders, M&G Investments, SurgCenter principals | IPO | Partial |
| 20 | Achilles Therapeutics | Personalized T-cell cancer therapies | $383M | 4 | April 2021 | $176M | IPO | Public market investors, Syncona, RA Capital | Shutdown | Full |
| 21 | AvenCell Therapeutics | Switchable universal CAR-T therapies | $362M | 2 | October 2024 | $112M | Series B | Novo Holdings, F-Prime Capital, Blackstone | Active | Full |
| 22 | OriCell Therapeutics | Solid-tumor CAR-T cell therapies | $350M | 4 | April 2026 | $110M | Pre-IPO financing | Vivo Capital, Beijing Medical Fund, Qiming Venture Partners | Active | Strong |
| 23 | Senti Biosciences | Gene-circuit cell therapies | $346M | 4 | January 2025 | $48M | PIPE | Celadon Partners, NEA, Leaps by Bayer | IPO | Strong |
| 24 | Aspen Neuroscience | Autologous neuron replacement therapies | $339M | 4 | November 2025 | $115M | Series C | OrbiMed, ARCH Venture Partners, Frazier Life Sciences | Active | Full |
| 25 | Adaptimmune | Engineered T-cell therapies | $338M | 5 | December 2024 | $29M | Public Offerings | Public market investors, NEA, OrbiMed | IPO | Partial |
| 26 | Sonoma Biotherapeutics | Engineered Treg autoimmune therapies | $335M | 3 | August 2021 | $265M | Series B | Ally Bridge Group, Fidelity Management, Deep Track Capital | Active | Strong |
| 27 | Precision BioSciences | ARCUS gene-edited cell therapies | $331M | 5 | May 2024 | $0M | Private placement | Management insiders | IPO | Full |
| 28 | Obsidian Therapeutics | Controllable engineered cell therapies | $325M | 3 | April 2024 | $161M | Series C | Wellington Management, Logos Capital, Surveyor Capital | Active | Strong |
| 29 | Wugen | Off-the-shelf cell therapies | $323M | 3 | August 2025 | $115M | Series C | Fidelity, RiverVest, Lightchain Capital | Active | Strong |
| 30 | Celularity | Placental allogeneic cell therapies | $290M | 8 | December 2025 | $10M | Later equity round | Celgene, Sorrento Therapeutics, United Therapeutics | IPO | Partial |
| 31 | TScan Therapeutics | TCR-T cancer cell therapies | $280M | 4 | July 2021 | $100M | IPO | BlackRock, RA Capital Management, Longwood Fund | IPO | Partial |
| 32 | A2 Biotherapeutics | Logic-gated CAR-T therapies | $271M | 4 | January 2025 | $80M | Series C | The Column Group, Samsara BioCapital, Vida Ventures | Active | Strong |
| 33 | Acepodia | Antibody-cell conjugated cell therapies | $266M | 4 | June 2023 | $100M | Series D | Digital Mobile Venture, Ridgeback, 8VC | IPO | Strong |
| 34 | Quell Therapeutics | Engineered Treg cell therapies | $264M | 4 | January 2023 | $24M | Series B extension | Syncona, Janus Henderson, Monashee | Active | Partial |
| 35 | IASO Biotherapeutics | CAR-T and antibody therapies | $251M | 4 | January 2023 | $75M | Series C1 / C+ | GL Ventures, CDH Baifu, Guoxin Investment | Active | Strong |
| 36 | Atara Biotherapeutics | Allogeneic T-cell immunotherapies | $228M | 5 | May 2025 | $16M | Registered direct offering | Adiumentum Capital, EcoR1 Capital, Panacea Venture | IPO | Partial |
| 37 | BlueRock Therapeutics | iPSC-derived cell therapies | $225M | 1 | December 2016 | $225M | Series A | Bayer, Leaps by Bayer, Versant Ventures | Acquired | Full |
| 38 | Affini-T Therapeutics | TCR therapies for solid tumors | $193M | 2 | October 2024 | $18M | Series A-II | Vida Ventures, Leaps by Bayer, Parker Institute | Active | Strong |
| 39 | T-knife Therapeutics | TCR-T therapies for cancer | $188M | 2 | August 2021 | $110M | Series B | Fidelity, LSP, QIA | Active | Full |
| 40 | Shoreline Biosciences | iPSC NK macrophage therapies | $183M | 2 | November 2021 | $140M | Series B | Ally Bridge Group, Eventide, BeiGene | Active | Full |
| 41 | GentiBio | Engineered Treg immune therapies | $177M | 2 | August 2021 | $157M | Series A | Matrix Capital Management, Avidity Partners, JDRF T1D Fund | Active | Full |
| 42 | Celyad Oncology | CAR-T oncology platforms | $167M | 3 | December 2021 | $33M | Private Placement | Fortress Investment Group, public investors | Active | Partial |
| 43 | AbelZeta Pharma | CAR-T therapies for cancer | $160M | 2 | September 2021 | $120M | Series A | AstraZeneca-CICC Fund, Sequoia Capital China, Yunfeng Capital | Active | Strong |
| 44 | Interius BioTherapeutics | In vivo CAR therapies | $145M | 3 | November 2024 | $67M | Series B | Cormorant, Fairmount, Bain Capital Life Sciences | Acquired | Strong |
| 45 | Gamida Cell | NAM-expanded allogeneic cell therapies | $139M | 12 | June 2017 | $40M | Private financing | Shavit Capital, VMS Investment Group, Israel Biotech Fund | Acquired | Partial |
| 46 | ImmPACT Bio | Logic-gate CAR-T therapies | $129M | 2 | January 2022 | $111M | Series B | venBio Partners, Foresite Capital, Decheng Capital | Acquired | Strong |
| 47 | Abata Therapeutics | Treg therapies for autoimmunity | $110M | 3 | August 2024 | Undisclosed | Strategic equity investment | Bristol Myers Squibb, Third Rock Ventures, Sanofi Ventures | Shutdown | Strong |
| 48 | Curocell | Korean CAR-T therapies | $105M | 5 | November 2023 | $24M | IPO | STIC Ventures, Atinum, Aju IB | IPO | Strong |
| 49 | Juventas Cell Therapy | CAR-T therapies in China | $102M | 3 | July 2021 | $62M | Series C | CICC Capital, Oceanpine, Delian Capital | Active | Partial |
| 50 | Bioheng Therapeutics | Allogeneic universal CAR-T therapies | $102M | 3 | June 2022 | $7M | Later venture | Decheng Capital, GL Ventures, Octagon Capital | Active | Strong |
| 51 | Triumvira Immunologics | TAC-T therapies for tumors | $100M | 2 | March 2022 | $45M | Series A extension | B Capital, Leaps by Bayer, Northpond | Active | Strong |
| 52 | Clade Therapeutics | Cloaked iPSC cell therapies | $87M | 1 | November 2021 | $87M | Series A | Syncona, LifeSci Venture Partners, Emerson Collective | Acquired | Full |
| 53 | Tr1X | Allogeneic Treg cell therapies | $75M | 1 | January 2024 | $75M | Series A | The Column Group, NEVA SGR, Alexandria Ventures | Active | Full |
| 54 | Indapta Therapeutics | Allogeneic G-NK cell therapy | $73M | 3 | December 2024 | $23M | Series A extension | RA Capital, Vertex Ventures HC, Leaps by Bayer | Active | Partial |
| 55 | Verismo Therapeutics | KIR-CAR T-cell therapies | $68M | 4 | April 2026 | $28M | Strategic equity investment | HLB Innovation | Active | Strong |
| 56 | EXUMA Biotech | CAR-T therapies for cancers | $66M | 3 | April 2020 | $19M | Series B | MSD Partners, F1 BioVentures | Active | Partial |
| 57 | Inceptor Bio | CAR-T, CAR-M, NK platforms | $63M | 2 | May 2022 | $37M | Series A | Kineticos Ventures | Active | Strong |
| 58 | Immuneel Therapeutics | Affordable CAR-T in India | $53M | 4 | June 2026 | $11M | Series B | Singularity AMC, Rainmatter, Eight Roads | Active | Partial |
| 59 | Appia Bio | Allogeneic CAR-iNKT therapies | $52M | 2 | May 2025 | Undisclosed | Extension | 8VC, Two Sigma Ventures, Sherpa Healthcare | Shutdown | Partial |
| 60 | Kelonia Therapeutics | In vivo CAR-T delivery | $50M | 1 | April 2022 | $50M | Series A | Alta Partners, Horizons Ventures, Venrock | Active | Full |
| 61 | MiNK Therapeutics | Allogeneic iNKT cell therapies | $46M | 2 | May 2024 | $6M | PIPE | GKCC, Evercore ISI, William Blair | IPO | Strong |
| 62 | PeproMene Bio | BAFF-R CAR-T cancer therapy | $44M | 2 | June 2018 | $40M | Series B | Not publicly disclosed | Active | Partial |
| 63 | Catamaran Bio | Allogeneic CAR-NK therapies | $42M | 1 | November 2020 | $42M | Series A | Sofinnova Partners, Lightstone Ventures, SV Health Investors | Shutdown | Full |
| 64 | Chimeric Therapeutics | Solid-tumor cell therapies | $41M | 5 | December 2025 | $3M | Placement | Institutional investors | IPO | Partial |
| 65 | Noile-Immune Biotech | PRIME-enhanced solid-tumor CAR-T | $41M | 3 | June 2023 | $19M | IPO | Public-market investors | IPO | Partial |
| 66 | AffyImmune Therapeutics | Solid-tumor CAR-T therapies | $38M | 2 | October 2021 | $30M | Series A+ | ORI Capital | Active | Partial |
| 67 | TC BioPharm | Gamma-delta T-cell therapies | $34M | 4 | November 2022 | $7M | Private placement | Healthcare-focused institutional investors | IPO | Partial |
| 68 | Invectys | HLA-G CAR-T therapies | $30M | 3 | October 2018 | $17M | Series A | Bpifrance, private investors | Active | Partial |
| 69 | ONK Therapeutics | Off-the-shelf NK therapies | $30M | 2 | January 2022 | $22M | Series A | Acorn Bioventures, ALSHC, Cormorant | Active | Full |
| 70 | Simnova Biotherapeutics | CAR-NK and CAR-T therapies | $28M | 1 | March 2024 | $28M | Series A+ | Youshan Capital, Oriza Seed, PagodaTree Partners | Active | Strong |
| 71 | Leucid Bio | Lateral CAR-T for tumors | $25M | 2 | February 2025 | $9M | Series A extension | Epidarex, 2Invest, Vulpes | Active | Strong |
| 72 | Glycostem Therapeutics | Stem-cell NK cancer therapies | $15M | 1 | September 2019 | $15M | Equity investment | E&F Healthcare, LUPUS Ventures | Active | Partial |
| 73 | Prescient Therapeutics | Cell therapy enhancement platforms | $13M | 2 | July 2025 | $6M | Post-IPO equity | Sophisticated investors, retail shareholders | IPO | Partial |
| 74 | Carina Biotech | Solid-tumor CAR-T therapies | $11M | 2 | August 2022 | $5M | Series A Extension | Tenmile, Minderoo Foundation | Active | Partial |
| 75 | Luminary Therapeutics | Gamma-delta allogeneic cell therapies | $11M | 4 | November 2025 | $1M | Series A-II | Myeloma Investment Fund, Cure by Deerfield, undisclosed investors | Active | Partial |
| 76 | CytoMed Therapeutics | Donor-derived cancer immunotherapies | $11M | 2 | April 2023 | $10M | IPO | Public investors, mDR | IPO | Strong |
| 77 | Elicera Therapeutics | iTANK CAR-T platform | $10M | 3 | March 2025 | $2M | Warrant exercise / directed issue | Public investors, underwriters | IPO | Partial |
| 78 | Cartherics | Off-the-shelf CAR-NK therapies | $10M | 1 | October 2024 | $10M | Private financing | Existing investors, new private investors | Active | Partial |
| 79 | EsoBiotec | In vivo immune-cell engineering | $9M | 2 | December 2023 | $2M | Series A | Invivo Partners, Thuja Capital, UCB Ventures | Acquired | Partial |
| 80 | Gadeta | Gamma-delta TCR immunotherapies | $8M | 1 | March 2016 | $8M | Series A | Medicxi Ventures, Baxalta Ventures, Utrecht Holdings | Acquired | Strong |

This market map, featured in our cell therapy market deck, highlights top companies and startups in the cell therapy market
Key funding trends in the cell therapy market
Insights
- The top 10 cell therapy startups raised about 40% of all funding in this ranking, which shows how strongly capital concentrates around category leaders.
- CAR-T and engineered T-cell companies remain the main fundraising engine, with mature platforms such as Legend Biotech, Kite Pharma, and Kyverna attracting very large rounds.
- Public companies dominate the capital stack, with many cell therapy startups relying on follow-on offerings, PIPEs, and private placements after IPO to fund long clinical timelines.
- Large platform financings are rare but powerful. Sana Biotechnology’s $821M launch round alone exceeded the lifetime funding of most companies in the dataset.
- Investor appetite has not disappeared after the biotech downturn, as Legend Biotech, Artiva Biotherapeutics, Century Therapeutics, Wugen, and Aspen Neuroscience all raised recent capital.
- Strategic pharma interest is visible across the market, with Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, and AstraZeneca-linked investors appearing in major records.
- NK, Treg, and iPSC-derived cell therapy platforms are smaller than CAR-T in total funding, but these segments still show meaningful specialist investor interest.
- Acquisitions cluster around validated or strategically useful technologies, including Kite Pharma, CARGO Therapeutics, Gracell Biotechnologies, BlueRock Therapeutics, and Interius BioTherapeutics.

As this chart shows, and as featured in our cell therapy market deck, search interest in stem cell therapy has been rising steadily
A few word about our methodology
As you can see, we built a database that ranks startups in the cell therapy market based on their total cumulative fundraising. To create this ranking, we reviewed many sources and cross-checked information across multiple places.
Whenever possible, we prioritized official company communications, since company announcements and regulatory filings are usually the most reliable sources for funding amounts. When those were not available, we relied on reputable industry sources such as TechCrunch, Crunchbase, Financial Times, Forbes, Fierce Biotech, BioPharma Dive, Endpoints News, or company IPO filings.
We excluded random blogs, unverified websites, and any sources that could not be validated.
When funding rounds were announced in other currencies such as euros, Swiss francs, Singapore dollars, Australian dollars, rupees, yuan, pounds, or Korean won, we converted them into approximate USD equivalents for consistency.
Sometimes different sources report slightly different numbers, or the exact round size is not fully disclosed. In those cases, we flag the uncertainty and assign a confidence label to each startup, visible in the last column.
Here is what they mean.
Full confidence: The company’s equity fundraising history can be reconstructed completely from public sources. The rounds, dates, amounts, and key investors are clearly identified, with no meaningful gaps.
Strong confidence: The fundraising history is largely complete and reliable. There may be a small missing detail, such as incomplete investor information or a minor round with limited data, but the overall record is clear.
Partial confidence: The main fundraising rounds can be identified, but the record is incomplete or somewhat mixed. Some rounds may be missing or certain funding events may be difficult to separate clearly.
Low confidence: Public information is too limited, inconsistent, or ambiguous to reliably reconstruct the company’s equity fundraising history.
When the confidence level is too low, we take a conservative approach and exclude the company from the ranking. We don’t want to include data that cannot be reliably verified.
This reflects how we conduct all our research, including the work behind our report covering the cell therapy market.
In a world where LLMs hallucinate and unreliable information is everywhere, our goal is simple: provide data you can trust.
If you want the full detail on a specific calculation, feel free to contact us and we will gladly explain.
Finally, know that we update the dataset once per month, so come back here if you need fresh information.

This chart, featured in our cell therapy market deck, shows how Legend Biotech is winning in cell therapy
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- A complete list of business models in the cell therapy market
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